AHA!!! I knew someone would say that. The thing is that most of what Frank Herbert put into his books are actually ancient ideas presented in a futuristic way. Secret orders of witches, initiation rituals and drug usage allowing to share a glimpse into the future are as old as mankind itself. The whole genetic revealing stuff is simply another way of presenting the eastern concept of finding one's true self after reincarnation. And I won't even get into the whole arabic culture and islamic simbology which is like 99% of the description of "planet Arrakis".
OK granted, it's a bit different for Asimov but still, the whole concept of predicting the future through mathematical equations and using a small-scale model to predict events at much larger scales is nothing new either, many scientists have spent their lives trying to crack such equations.